ABSTRACT:
Students of science traditionally make 3x5 flash cards to assist learning nomenclature, structures, and reactions. Advances in educational technology have enabled flashcards viewed on computers, offering an endless array of drilling and feedback opportunities for students. The current generation of students is less inclined to use computers, but they use their cell phones 24 hours a day. This report outlines these trends and an even more recent educational technology initiative, that of using cell phone flash cards to help students learn biology and chemistry nomenclature, structures, and reactions. Students responded positively to cell phone flash cards in a pilot study and a more detailed study is planned for the coming year.

ABSTRACT:
The present paper investigates an approach to integrate active and passive safety systems of passenger cars. Worldwide, the introduction of Integrated Safety Systems and Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) is considered to continue the today

ABSTRACT:
In this paper is presented an investigation on a new low cost and voltage consumption single poly-silicon memory cell for passive RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification)applications. This structure is low cost due to its single poly-silicon design. This memory cell has two particularities : the first one is that no deported capacitor is necessary to program this cell which allows to reduce the structure size to 1.1μm². The second one is the way the cell is erased. A Zener diode is used to generate carriers in order to be injected into the floating gate. This Zener diode is one of the key points for the functionality that has to be validated with some electrical trials. These trials permit to integrate and use the Zener diodes measured in simulations of the complete memory cell. This is done to validate the best candidate between the Zener diodes used for the cell and highlight the efficiency in consumption and rapidity to erase the cell. Besides, the writing and the reading cases are simulated in order to show the low consumption required by the cell during these phases.

ABSTRACT:
The aim of this workshop and paper is to provide a conceptual framework that will develop skills in the areas of observation, cognition/meta-cognition with emphasis on critical thinking, decision making and problem solving. Simultaneously, this endeavour is designed to stimulate one‟s curiosity and thereby provide motivation to learn. These are accomplished through the learning style methodology with emphasis on interactive instructional resources addressing a multi-modality approach to teaching and learning. It will be shown that discrepant events impact thinking with respect to problem solving. The aforementioned is demonstrated with the use of gravity, molecular structure and optical illusions. The workshop presenters will show how cognitive dissonance, precipitated within each of these constituents, fosters curiosity and therefore provides an ideal motivational component for exploration.

ABSTRACT:
The increased power of the Internet, advances in authoring software, and the availability of sophisticated content management systems (CMS) have enabled instructional designers, educators, and teachers, to create flexible learning environments that use advanced pedagogies based on active learning, collaboration, multiple perspectives and knowledge building. As the new learning environments gain ground instruction there is an increased emphasis in what is called “authentic assessment.” Due to the difficulty with translating authentic assessment into grades faculty are not being provided the information technology support systems that they need. This is a report on three assessment tools developed to address this need that came about due to the synergy of an international partnership.

ABSTRACT:
In this paper, we propose an interference reduction routing protocol for ad-hoc networks. The interference is one of the degradation factors in wireless communications. In the ad-hoc network, some nodes communicate simultaneously. Therefore, these communications cause interference each other, and some packets are corrupted due to interference from another node. In the proposed protocol, each node estimates required transmission power according to hello messages. Therefore, the node can transmit a data packet with minimum required transmission power. Consequently, the interference against neighbor nodes can be reduced. From simulation results, we can find that the proposed protocol can reduce the number of control messages and can improve the throughput performance.

ABSTRACT:
The paper presents a heuristic algorithm to schedule real time indivisible loads represented as directed sequential task graph on a cluster computing. One of the cluster nodes has some special resources (denoted by special node) that may be needed by one of the indivisible loads

ABSTRACT:
In this paper we propose a solution to obtain useful and reliable student session logs in a Learning Management System (LMS) combining current logs with biometrics-based logs that show the student behaviour during the whole learning session. The aims of our solution are to guarantee that the online student is who he/she claims to be, and also to know exactly how much time he/she spends in front of the computer reading each LMS content. Even when the proposed solution does not completely avoid cheating, the use of biometric data during authentication and face tracking provides additional help to validate student performance during learning sessions. In this way it is possible to improve security for specific contents, to gain feedback of the student effort and to check the actual time spent in learning.

ABSTRACT:
In order to support competitiveness on the worldwide market - but also to overcome efficiency problems related to the forest owner structure in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), Germany - the "Virtual Forest" is being developed as an intelligent planning and decision support tool for forest growth as well as for wood mobilization. In practice, the heart of the Virtual Forest consists of a database of approx. 240 million single trees in NRW, its major wood resource. In order to identify the trees, latest aerial survey and satellite technology is used and combined with virtual reality and robotics know how in order to efficiently gather and visualize the data. Thus, the Virtual Forest will serve as a reliable and very up-to-date base and framework for new efficient forest planning, wood mobilization and machine logistics methods.

ABSTRACT:
Multiband aerial imagery in remote sensing is a technology used more and more widely in present days. It can excellently be used in research fields where there is need for high spectral resolution images in order to obtain adequate level results. At present, data collection is of a much higher level than processing and use. As the technical development of sensors is followed by a significant delay in data processing methods and applications, it seems reasonable to refine processing methods as well as to widen practical uses (agriculture, environmental protection). In the year of 2004, a new examination method based on fractal structure was introduced, which, according to our experiences, has made more accurate spectral measurement possible as opposed to other techniques. The mathematical process named spectral fractal dimension (SFD) is directly applicable in multidimension colour space as well, making thus possible to choose new examination methods of multiband images. With the help of SFD, it is possible to obtain more useful data offered by high spectral resolution, or to choose the bands wished to process applying different methods later.

ABSTRACT:
In a numerical entity-characteristic incidence ma- trix we can use simple or multiple regression and calculate correlations between pairs of char- acteristics. However, in order to detect similari- ties/dissimilarities, interdependence, and multiple probabilistic causality among the characteristics we have to group the entities in classes. The num- ber of uniform classes obtained by coding the given values of these characteristics depends on the bal- ance between the class uncertainty and class ambi- guity. The similarity, interdependence, and multi- ple probabilistic causality among characteristics are analyzed. When a set of entities and the abundance of their components are given, the average within- entity diversity and the average between-entity di- versity are studied. The results are applied to the number of endemic and immigrant plant species in the Gal´apagos Islands.

ABSTRACT:
This essay has two goals. The first is to classify two different types of organizational institutions from the four-dimensional system-thinking perspective, and to identify the relationship between such organizational institutions and their relevant behavioral-cultural gene codes embedded within their (P-)individuals. Unlike the popular belief that authoritarian or totalitarian institutions are caused by ideologies or created/dominated by tyrannical leaders, the author defines a concept of behavioral-cultural gene code and extends the application of self-organization theory to suggest that behavioral-cultural gene codes carried by the members of the organization are responsible for the formation of, either democratic or authoritarian, institutions. Therefore, transformation of an authoritarian organization into a democratic one, no matter at the level of groups, of business enterprises, or of a government, must start from transforming behavioral-cultural gene codes. The second goal is to define Organizational Friction Coefficient for capturing the characteristics of these two types of organizational institutions, thus adding clarity to the widely used concept of organizational efficiency in the contexts of both business organizations and systems of government.

ABSTRACT:
In authors’ previous papers the essential meaning of the ubiquitous system has been presented as it is in the idea that the functions that the today’s ordinary and healthy society lives have lost should be recovered as before or supported up to their ordinary average levels. On the other hand the authors have discussed the design technique and direction of the expanded EMR (Electric or Electronic Medical Record), and at same time, in parallel, have developed the communication system in which the “YUBITSUKIYI (which is the name of communication tool for blind deaf persons. See Fig.3)” system is included. Therefore the authors have proposed that the Life Support System to be developed from the expanded EMR system should be restructured and synthesized and used on the basis of the essential meaning of the ubiquitous concept. And by using this Life Support System the lost functions are able to be recovered as before and supported up to the ordinary average levels. Now when the authors treat the dementia situation, by considering an ontology of the situation it is treated as a kind of handicapped situation from the point of view that the dementia situation is the situation in which the function to be gained before has been lost. As a result it is able to be estimated that the Life Support System can be used to find and support the dementia situation, especially to find and support the early dementia situation not only of the blind deaf persons, but also of the ordinary persons. And also it is able to be estimated that the dementia situation can be treated quantitatively by this Life Support System through the communication process and the consideration of information processing. From the point of views of communication process and information processing the authors have already presented the new information contents able to be applied to the dementia situation, at present it is becoming more clear that the new concepts are able to be applied to a kind of human error situation of the ordinary people. On such new information contents at same time the authors have studied these concepts in parallel for three directions as main directions. The first of them is the direction that such information concepts themselves must be newly considered from the entirely different view point, and the second of them is the direction that such concepts should be studied on the philosophical view point (for example, Peirce’s semiotics and its interpretant etc.), and the third of them is the direction that these concepts are treated on the basis of Fuzzy concepts and expanded from the ordinary Shannon’s information theory by the use of Fuzzy system’s idea. In this paper the discussion of the third one is developed over the discussion which was already described in the authors’ previous papers. From the third one of discussing direction authors have already studied the new information contents on the basis of Fuzzy concepts and have gained some important ideas and relations among the information structures and the meaning and concepts of such factors. At this time, expanding such results it is described that the Fuzzy model expanded from the model of ordinary Markov’s information source is introduced into the object of Fuzzy set model and some relations of the Fuzzy information system derived from the Markov’s information source are described.

ABSTRACT:
The contribution of this paper suggests that previous research underscoring cross-cultural differences may be misleading, when in fact it is cross-professional rather than cross-cultural differences that should be emphasized. Employing the LMR framework, this paper concludes that business or non-business predisposition has a more direct impact on one’s individual cultural profile than does nationality. Regardless of culture, persons involved in business are characterized primarily by linear-active modes of communication, and persons not involved in business typically employ less linear and more multi-active/hybrid modes of communication. The linkages among individual characteristics, communication styles, work behaviors, and the extent to which the LMR constructs can facilitate and predict leadership, negotiating styles, individual behaviors, etc. are central to academic globalization and preparing global business leaders.