Peer Reviewed Journal via three different mandatory reviewing processes, since 2006, and, from September 2020, a fourth mandatory peer-editing has been added.
This paper purpose is to implement a computational
program to estimate the states (complex nodal voltages) of a
power system and showing that the largest normalized residual
(LNR) test fails many times. The chosen solution method was
the Weighted Least Squares (WLS). Once the states are
estimated a gross error analysis is made with the purpose to
detect and identify the measurements that may contain gross
errors (GEs), which can interfere in the estimated states, leading
the process to an erroneous state estimation. If a measure is
identified as having error, it is discarded of the measurement set
and the whole process is remade until all measures are within an
acceptable error threshold. To validate the implemented
software there have been done several computer simulations in
the IEEE´s systems of 6 and 14 buses, where satisfactory results
were obtained.
Another purpose is to show that even a widespread
method as the LNR test is subjected to serious conceptual flaws,
probably due to a lack of mathematical foundation attendance in
the methodology. The paper highlights the need for continuous
improvement of the employed techniques and a critical view, on
the part of the researchers, to see those types of failures.
