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Quantitative Endosurgery Process Analysis by Machine Learning Method Bojan Nokovic , Andrew Lambe (pages: 1-7) Modelling Student Performance in a Structural Steel Graduate-Based Module: A Comparative Analysis Between K-Nearest Neighbor and Dummy Classifiers Masengo Ilunga , Omphemetse Zimbili , Phahlani Mampilo , Agarwal Abhishek (pages: 8-15) Interoperable Digital Skills for Foreign Languages Education in the COVID-19 Paradigm Rusudan Makhachashvili , Ivan Semenist , Iryna Vorotnykova (pages: 16-20) Education, Training and Informatics Go Hand in Hand in (Foreign) Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) – Case Studies From Live and Online Classrooms Ekaterini Nikolarea (pages: 21-29) Enhancing Pedagogical and Digital Competencies Through Digital Tools: A Proposal for Semi-schooled Language Teaching Programs in Oaxaca, Mexico José de Jesús Bautista Hernández , Eduardo Bustos Farías , Norma Patricia Maldonado Reynoso (pages: 30-35) Railway Track Degradation Modelling Using Finite Element Analysis: A Case Study in South Africa Ntombela Lunga , Masengo Ilunga (pages: 36-50) Continuum of Academic Collaboration: Issues of Inconsistent Terminology in Multilingual Context Cristo Leon , James Lipuma , Marcos O. Cabobianco , Maria B. Daizo (pages: 51-62) Peat Resource Management and Climate Change Mitigation Issues – Case of Latvia Anita Titova , Natalja Lace (pages: 63-70) Using Geospatial Computation Intelligence for Mapping Temporal Evolution of Urban Built-up in Selected Areas of the Ekurhuleni Municipality, South Africa Jo-Anne Correia , Masengo Ilunga (pages: 71-80) Cybernetics and Informatics of Generative AI for Transdisciplinary Communication in Education Rusudan Makhachashvili , Ivan Semenist (pages: 81-88) Navigating Psychological Riptides: How Seafarers Cope and Seek Help for Mental Health Needs Coleen Abadicio , Stella Louise Arenas , Rosette Renee Hahn , Angel Berry Maleriado , Ramon Miguel Mariano , Rodolfo Antonio Ma. Zabella , Genejane Adarlo (pages: 89-98)
ABSTRACT
Effect of Micro Ridges on Orientation of Cultured Cell
The effect of micro ridges on orientation of cultured cells has been studied in vitro. Several patterns of micro ridges have been fabricated on a transparent polydimethylsiloxane disk with the photo lithography technique. The ridges consist of several lines of rectangular column: the width of 0.003 mm, the interval of 0.007 mm. Variation has been made on the height of the ridge between 0.0003 mm and 0.0035 mm. C2C12 (mouse myoblast cell line originated with cross-striated muscle of C3H mouse) was cultured on the disk with the micro ridges for one week and was observed with an inverted phase contrast microscope. The experimental results show that cells adhere on the top of the ridge and align to the longitudinal direction of the micro ridges with the height between 0.0015 mm and 0.0025 mm.
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