ISSN: 1690-4524 (Online)  
					
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                          Quantitative Endosurgery Process Analysis by Machine Learning Method Bojan Nokovic , Andrew Lambe (pages: 1-7) Modelling Student Performance in a Structural Steel Graduate-Based Module: A Comparative Analysis Between K-Nearest Neighbor and Dummy Classifiers Masengo Ilunga , Omphemetse Zimbili , Phahlani Mampilo , Agarwal Abhishek (pages: 8-15) Interoperable Digital Skills for Foreign Languages Education in the COVID-19 Paradigm Rusudan Makhachashvili , Ivan Semenist , Iryna Vorotnykova (pages: 16-20) Education, Training and Informatics Go Hand in Hand in (Foreign) Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) – Case Studies From Live and Online Classrooms Ekaterini Nikolarea (pages: 21-29) Enhancing Pedagogical and Digital Competencies Through Digital Tools: A Proposal for Semi-schooled Language Teaching Programs in Oaxaca, Mexico José de Jesús Bautista Hernández , Eduardo Bustos Farías , Norma Patricia Maldonado Reynoso (pages: 30-35) Railway Track Degradation Modelling Using Finite Element Analysis: A Case Study in South Africa Ntombela Lunga , Masengo Ilunga (pages: 36-50) Continuum of Academic Collaboration: Issues of Inconsistent Terminology in Multilingual Context Cristo Leon , James Lipuma , Marcos O. Cabobianco , Maria B. Daizo (pages: 51-62) Peat Resource Management and Climate Change Mitigation Issues – Case of Latvia Anita Titova , Natalja Lace (pages: 63-70) Using Geospatial Computation Intelligence for Mapping Temporal Evolution of Urban Built-up in Selected Areas of the Ekurhuleni Municipality, South Africa Jo-Anne Correia , Masengo Ilunga (pages: 71-80) Cybernetics and Informatics of Generative AI for Transdisciplinary Communication in Education Rusudan Makhachashvili , Ivan Semenist (pages: 81-88) Navigating Psychological Riptides: How Seafarers Cope and Seek Help for Mental Health Needs Coleen Abadicio , Stella Louise Arenas , Rosette Renee Hahn , Angel Berry Maleriado , Ramon Miguel Mariano , Rodolfo Antonio Ma. Zabella , Genejane Adarlo (pages: 89-98) 
                     
                       
                    
                    
               
            
 
         
         
             
         
         
            
         
         
            
         
      
 
   
                    
                 
                     
                       
                          
                           
							 
                                                           
							ABSTRACT
 
							
						  	
								 							
							
                           
                           
                               
                                 
Analysis of Leading Economic Indicator Data and Gross Domestic Product Data Using Neural Network Methods  Edward Tirados, John Jenq
In this report, Leading Economic Indicator (LEI) data 
and  Gross  Domestic  Product  (GDP)  data  have  been 
analyzed to determine if changes in the ten indicators 
can be used to predict changes in GDP. Three neural 
network methods and one statistical method were used 
to  complete  the  analysis.    For  this  project,  the  intent 
was to use multiple regression and backpropagation to 
develop  correlations  in  which  LEI  values  are  used  to 
predict  the  GDP  change  in  the  following  quarter.  
Alternatively,   Kohonen's   self-organizing   map   and 
hierarchical  clustering  were  used  to  group  months  of 
LEI  data  into  clusters  to  determine  if  months  in  a 
cluster (and thus months with similar LEI values) also 
have similar changes in GDP.
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